Background

Client: BioBuild, Sweden  |  Industry: Architecture, engineering and construction  |  Engagement: August 2024 to January 2025, then ongoing support

BioBuild is a construction firm in the Sweden that builds energy-efficient, sustainable buildings with eco-friendly materials. Material cost and embodied carbon both count in every bid, which puts material choice at the centre of each project.

Before this project, material selection was manual. An engineer exported quantities from the BIM model, compared supplier prices in spreadsheets, checked structural ratings against the code, and then looked up carbon data separately. Every change to the design restarted the loop.

Challenge

  • Three goals that pull against each other. The cheapest material is rarely the lowest-carbon one, and neither is always structurally adequate for the element. The team needed a ranked shortlist, not a single "best" answer.
  • The model keeps changing. Recommendations made against last week's design are wrong by the time they are read. The engine had to follow the live BIM model, not a one-off export.
  • IFC data is deep, not flat. A question like "every load-bearing wall above the third floor" is a slow recursive query against a relational store. The data model had to make building relationships first-class.
  • No ground truth to train on. The firm had past projects and their outcomes, but no labelled dataset of "right" material choices. Training data had to be built from what the firm already had.

Our Approach

Metwaves built and deployed an AI recommendation engine that reads the live BIM model, scores candidate materials on cost, sustainability and structural fit, and writes ranked options back into the designer's workflow. Six steps took it from the firm's own data to a system its architects and engineers use every day.

01
Data collection and preparation

We pulled three sources together: supplier price lists with history, sustainability and embodied-carbon indexes, and the firm's past projects as stored in BIM. Material properties were tagged with structural ratings and environmental scores to form the training set.

02
Graph projection of the BIM model

IFC models from BIMserver are projected into Neo4j, so components, their relationships and their constraints become a graph. A component question becomes a traversal rather than a join across a dozen tables. The IFC file stays the source of truth, so every recommendation can be traced back to the components it came from.

03
Model development

A supervised model, trained on TensorFlow and hosted on Azure, predicts suitable materials from the design specification. Random Forests build the predictive model, k-means groups similar materials to give a range of options inside the constraints, and a genetic algorithm runs the multi-objective optimisation across cost, carbon and structural score. A material that costs slightly more but scores far better on carbon can rank first; the weighting is the firm's to set.

04
Pilot on one project

The engine ran on a single live project first. Architects and engineers reviewed every recommendation and their corrections were fed back into the model.

05
Integration with the BIM workflow

The engine is connected to the BIM environment through APIs. When a designer changes dimensions, loads or constraints in the model, the recommendation list updates in real time in a web dashboard that sits beside the modelling tool.

06
Continuous learning

After each project completes, actual material performance and cost are written back. The model is retrained on a quarterly schedule so recommendations improve with real outcomes.

What the engine does on a live project

Four things happen every time the model changes.

  • Reads the current model: geometry, components, loads and existing material specifications.
  • Reads the brief: energy rating target, durability constraints, site climate and local material availability.
  • Scores every candidate material on three axes: cost (historical plus current market), sustainability (carbon footprint and lifecycle assessment) and structural integrity (building code and regulation data).
  • Returns a ranked shortlist per element, with the trade-off shown, so the engineer decides with the numbers in front of them.
 

The Results

Faster material selection

Selection time per element fell 40%, measured by timing the same tasks before and after go-live. The spreadsheet loop is gone.

Lower material cost

Material cost across the pilot and the following projects fell 20% against the firm's previous estimates.

Shorter project timelines

Project timelines shortened 20%, because material decisions no longer waited on a manual review cycle.

In use today

The engine has run on more than six projects since January 2025 and is used daily by a team of more than ten architects and engineers at BioBuild.

What BioBuild says

From BioBuild's Digital Project Manager, in a verified review on Clutch (4.5 of 5; quality 5.0, cost 5.0, willing to refer 5.0):

"Integration of AI reduced the time spent on material selection and design adjustments. We measured this by recording the time taken for these tasks before and after implementing the AI system. The results showed a clear reduction in project timelines."

"We hit some unexpected bumps during the integration, and we are grateful for how quickly the team provided extra support for our on-site team. They weren't in a hurry for fast results, but rather committed to setting us up for long-term success."

How Metwaves Can Help

At Metwaves we build AI systems that sit inside the tools engineering teams already use, rather than beside them. For construction and BIM that means:

  • Material recommendation engines like this one, integrated with BIMserver, Revit or your IFC pipeline
  • Graph projections of BIM models in Neo4j for fast component and relationship queries (how the projection works)
  • Models trained on your own past projects, hosted on your cloud account, retrained as outcomes come in

If you have a BIM workflow and a material, cost or carbon problem inside it, start with a two-week proof of concept against one of your own models. The options are set out on our engagement models page, and the validation approach under PoC to agentic production.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Is this a product we can buy, or custom work?

Custom work, delivered and running at one client. The engine, the graph projection and the training pipeline are reusable, so a second build starts from working code, not from zero.

Which BIM tools does it work with?

This build reads IFC through BIMserver, so any tool that exports IFC works: Revit, ArchiCAD, Tekla, Vectorworks. A direct Revit add-in is a short addition if the team wants recommendations inside Revit itself.

How much data does the model need?

Enough past projects to learn the firm's own trade-offs. For BioBuild that was its own completed projects plus supplier and carbon indexes. A firm with fewer projects starts from the public indexes and the model learns the firm's preferences from the pilot's corrections.

Can AI query BIM components in plain language?

It can, and the hard part is not the language model. IFC models are deeply nested, so component questions become slow recursive traversals against a relational store. Projecting the model into a graph makes relationships first-class, which is why this build runs on Neo4j alongside BIMserver. We have not shipped a natural-language BIM query product; if that is what you need, it should start as a proof of concept against your own model.

Can AI prioritise BIM clashes?

Clash detection reliably produces more issues than a team can triage, so the useful work is ordering them: which block work starting on site, which are one modelling error appearing a dozen times, and which will resolve when a discipline re-issues its model. Grouping clashes by root cause needs the same component relationships that make this engine work. This is how we would approach it rather than work we have delivered.

What is session-aware BIM AI?

An assistant that remembers the thread of the current review. Model coordination is a conversation: show me the level four ductwork, then which of those clash with structure, then who owns them. Session-aware means the selected elements, active discipline and filters already applied persist across turns, so a follow-up narrows the previous answer instead of starting again. This is how we would approach it rather than work we have delivered.

How does AI-assisted BIM quality assurance work?

Model QA is rule checking plus judgement, and the two belong apart. Naming conventions, required property sets, missing classifications and orphaned elements are deterministic and belong in code, where results are reproducible. Judgement calls, such as an element classified unlike every comparable element in the project, are where a model earns its place. This is how we would approach it rather than work we have delivered.

How long did this take?

Five months. Work started in August 2024, the pilot was running by October and the engine went live in January 2025.

Schedule a free consultation with our experts to discuss your Project!


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